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Cyclone the storm is forecast to become a uncommon highest-level hurricane as it shifts toward Jamaica, bringing dangerous flash flooding and mudslides.

This weather system, which had wind speeds of up to 120 mph as of 6:00 AM GMT, is now shifting toward the northwest in the Caribbean Sea and is anticipated to reach land by early next week, based on data from weather experts.

Advisories of blackouts and structural damage have been released as the hurricane produces up to 30 inches of rain and storm surges as high as 4m above ground. "Find safe refuge immediately," locals have been urged.

The cyclone is the 13th named hurricane in the current Atlantic hurricane season, which normally finishes in November.

Most Intense Storm Danger

A category five storm is the most intense classification, with wind speeds of at least 157 miles per hour.

Although Melissa is expected to weaken to a fourth-level storm before reaching the island, experts said there was "very little practical difference in the total effects" upon reaching the coast, and that the cyclone will be "just as powerful" when it strikes the nation.

Immediate Preparations

With tropical storm-level winds and rain anticipated well in advance ahead of it passes over central Jamaica - perhaps encompassing the national capital - alerts indicate that "readiness efforts must be accelerated".

"An extended timeframe of damaging winds and torrential rain are underway and will cause catastrophic and life-threatening flash flooding and numerous rock slides," counseled meteorological officials.

The country's head of government Andrew Holness commented: "I understand that there are many Jamaicans who are anxious, who are very concerned, and rightfully so: concern is justified.

"However the most effective method to manage worry and any nervousness and anxiety is to stay ready."

Inhabitants are being instructed to protect their properties with protective bags and timber panels, and to gather necessary supplies.

Regional Consequences

Warnings are also ongoing for areas in Haiti encompassing the main city, Port au Prince, the Dominican Republic and eastern Cuba, where Melissa is projected to bring similar effects by the midweek period.

Rock slides presently generated by the hurricane have already killed two in the country, according to local authorities.

Expected Path

This weather system is forecast to pass over Cuba by Wednesday before moving through the Antillas Mayores and out into the Atlantic.

By the time it reaches Cuba, it is predicted to have diminished to a Category 3 storm.

Weather Background

While it is hard to link particular meteorological occurrences to global warming, researchers say it is making climate patterns increasingly frequent and more extreme.

Increased sea temperatures produce more moisture in the environment, aiding in the formation of storms.

Before the start of the current Caribbean cyclone season, meteorological authorities forecast increased storm frequency, referencing elevated ocean temperatures and likely stronger monsoon activity around the western African continent - where Atlantic storms often form.